The brain is often described in simple **layers**: the outer **cerebral cortex**, the deeper **white matter**, and the inner structures that handle basic functions like movement, memory, and emotion.
- The **cerebral cortex** is the thin outer layer; it controls thinking, senses, language, and voluntary movement.
- **White matter** lies beneath it and carries messages between brain areas.
- Deeper parts like the **cerebellum**, **brainstem**, and **limbic system** help with balance, breathing, heart rate, emotions, and memory.
If you meant the **three meninges layers** that protect the brain, they are **dura mater**, **arachnoid mater**, and **pia mater**.
